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NERUOTRANSMITTER/BRAIN SUPPORT FORMULAS
Dosage: All of these formulas require a loading
dose particular to your symptoms and to your reaction to them. Start with 1 capsule a day with or without meals.
On day 2, take 2 capsules day and on day 3 take 3 capsules day and so on until you notice a significant chance
in your symptoms. Once you feel that change, stay with that dosage until you finish the bottle. One bottle should
be enough when loading up like this. The idea is to stimulate the specific receptor sites that receive that particular
neurotransmitter. If, after you stop taking the supplement, if you notice a return to your old symptoms, try another
bottle. This is about jump-starting those receptor sites.
Attached is a list of the products that work
in this way along with the key to the NTAF form which tells which symptoms go to which neurotransmitter and which
products support that transmitter. The NTAF Assessment Form or Brain Assessment form you fill out online and email to us before your appointment and can be found on the consultation page. We suggest that you pull out your copy of the brain assessment before
you take any products below and then when you are done, retake the test to see how the symptoms have changed. At
the bottom of this page, before the references, you will find a key to the form. I highly recommend that you work
with a pratitioner when taking these formulas.
NEURO2 - Supports healthy circulation, especially in the
brain. Useful for general brain metabolism and protection from free radical activity.
- Supports healthy circulation and blood flow to the brain.
- Provides targeted antioxidants to support the health of
brain blood vessels
- Provides compounds that support healthy platelet aggregation
and blood viscosity
1 Bottle - 90
capsules
Ingredients:
Riboflavin 20 mg 1176%
Magnesium (as magnesium citrate) 40 mg 10 %
Feverfew extract (standardized to
contain 0.8% parthenolide) 300 mg
Butcher's broom extract (standardized
to contain 10% saponins) 200 mg
Ginkgo Biloba extract (standardized to
contain 24% Ginkgoglavonglycosides
and 6% Terpene Lactones) 100 mg
Cayenne (Capsaicin) 40 mg
Vinpocetine 10 mg
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), silicon dioxide
NEUROFLAM - Provides nutrients against brain inflammation which can be triggered by gut inflammation. Especially
useful during an immune response.
- To support neuron health especially during
neuroinflammation.
- Provides nutrients that have shown neuroprotective
properties.
- Provides a rich source of targeted antioxidants
for nutritional support.
1 Bottle - 90
capsules
Ingredients:
Catechin (from Green Tea extract) (Camillia
sinensis) 100 mg
Curcumin (from Tumeric Root extract) (Curcuma longa) 100 mg
Rutin 75 mg
Baicalein (from scutellaria baicalensis) 60 mg
Resveratrol (from polygonum cuspidatum) 50 mg
Apigenin 30 mg
Luteolin 20 mg
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), rice flour, l-leucine, silicon dioxide
SERATONE ACTIVE - Supports Serotonin Response, Activity, & Synthesis
• Provides amino acids and cofactors required for Serotonin production including 5-HTP and SAME-e
• Provides phytonutrients that exhibit/support Serotonin activity.
• Provides phytonutrients that have shown to inhibit Serotonin catabolism.
1 Bottle - 90 capsules
Ingredients:
Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal 5
phosphate) 10 mg 500%
Folic Acid 200 mcg 50%
Vitamin B12 (as methylcobalamin) 1000 mg 16,667%
Magnesium (as magnesium citrate) 10 mg 2%
St. John’s Wort Extract (standardized to contain 0.3% hypericin) ( Hypericum perforatum) 200 mg
SAMe (from S-adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate) 60 mg
5-HTP (from Griffonia simplicifolia) 75 mg
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), rice flour, l-leucine, silicon dioxide.
DOPATONE ACTIVE - Supports
Healthy Dopamine Response, Activity, & Synthesis
• Provides amino acids and cofactors required for dopamine production.
• Provides phytonutrients that exhibit/support dopamine activity.
• Provides phytonutrients that have shown to support healthy dopaminergic neurons.
1 Bottle - 90 capsules
Ingredients:
Vitamin B6
(as pyridoxal 5 phosphateate) 10 mg 500%
Selenium (as selenomethionine) 25 mcg 35%
Mucuna Pruriens extract 300 mg
D,L-Phenylalanine 200 mg
Beta-Phenylethylamine 80 mg
N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine 100 mg
N-Acetyl L-Cysteine 100 mg
Blueberry extract (fruit) 2
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), silicon dioxide.
GABATONE ACTIVE - Supports GABA Response, Activity, & Synthesis
• Provides amino acids and cofactors required for GABA production.
• Provides phytonutrients that exhibit/support GABAergenic activity.
• Provides phytonutrients that have shown to inhibit GABA catabolism.
1 Bottle - 90 capsules
Ingredients:
Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal 5 phosphate) 6.8 mg
Magnesium (as magnesium succinate) 10 mg
Zinc (as zinc glycinate) 5 mg
Manganese (as manganese succinate) 10 mg
L-Taurine 150 mg
Valerian Root Extract (standardized to contain 0.8% valerenic acid) ( Valeriana officinalis) 100 mg
Passion Flower Extract (standardized to contain 3.5% flavonoids) (Passiflora incarnata) 100 mg
L-Theanine 15 mg
Lithium (as lithium orotate) 10 mg
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), rice flour, l-leucine, silicon dioxide.
ACETYL-CH ACTIVE - Supports
Healthy Acetylcholine Receptor Site Response, Activity, & Synthesis
• Provides essential cofactors and precursors for Acetylcholine Synthesis.
• Provides phytonutrients that exhibit/support cholinergic activity.
• Provides phytonutrients that have shown to inhibit Acetylcholine catabolism.
1 Bottle - 90 capsules
Ingredients:
Pantothenic Acid (as calcium pentothenate) 300 mg
Alpha-GPC (L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine) 100 mg
N-Acetyl L-Carnitine (as N-acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) 25 mg
Galantamine (as galantamine hydrobromide) 800 mcg
Huperzine A (from a standardized extract of huperzia serrata) 25 mcg
Other Ingredients: Vegetable cellulose (vegetarian capsule), microcrystaline cellulose, silicon dioxide.
KEY TO BRAIN ASSESSMENT FORM
SECTION A -General Brain Function -Nutritional
Support
Neuro2
NeuroFlam
Fish Oils
SECTION B - General Brain Function/Stress
Adaptogen
Adrenacalm
SECTION C - Blood Sugar
SECTION C2 - Insulin Resistance
These are not covered here but are directly related to neurotransmitters and the brain and need to be brought into
balance.
SECTION 1 - Seratonin
Seratone Active
SECTION 2 - Dopamine
Dopatone Active
SECTION 3- Gaba
Gabatone Active
SECTION 4 - Aceytl-choline
Acheytl-CH |
RESEARCH:
NEURO2 INGREDIENTS
VINPOCETINE is a derivative of Vinca minor alkaloid vincamine and has been widely used for the support of cerebrovascular-related
disorders. The compound demonstrates the ability to significantly improve blood flow in the cerebral vessels as
evidenced by an increase of linear blood flow velocity, lowering peripheral resistance, and increasing the content
of nitric oxide in blood serum.32 Vinpocetine has been found to induce dilation of the cerebral artery.33 It has
been found to improve blood viscosity in cerebrovascular related disorders.34 Vinpocetine administration for 3
months demonstrated the ability to significantly improve red blood cell deformability in patients with chronic
cerebrovascular conditions.35 It has been found to protect neurons against ischemic damage.36 37 38
A study evaluating the effects of Vinpocetine on the redistribution of blood flow and glucose metabolism in chronic
ischemic stroke patients using a PET study, found that a 2-week intervention with Vinpocetine contributed effectively
to the redistribution of regional cerebral blood flow in the areas involved from the stroke.39 A double-blind placebo
controlled study of the safety and efficacy of vinpocetine with patients with chronic vascular senile cerebral
dysfunction found that it improved overall brain function and mental status in a safe manner.40 A study evaluating
the influence of vinpocetine on endothelium function of chronic cerebral ischemia patients found that the compound
produced a protective effect and partial renewal of endothelium-dependant vasodilation and inhibition of rejection
of Willebrand factor during arteriovenous occlusion tests.41 Another study found that vinpocetine improved the
cerebrovascular reserve capacity and favorably influenced the cognitive status and general condition of patients
with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.42 A literature review of Vinpocetine in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease
concluded that Vinpocetine has the ability to improve blood flow and metabolism of affected areas in cerebrovascular
conditions and has demonstrated evidence that it improves the quality of life in chronic cerebrovascular patients.43
32 Nevzorova VA, Zakharchuk
NV, Plotinokova IV. The state of cerebral blood flow in hypertensive crises and possibilities of its correction.
Kardiologia. 2007;47(12):20-3.
33 Miyata n. Yamaura H. Tanaka M, Murmastsu M, Tsuchida K, Okuyma S, Otomo S. Effects of VA-045, a novel apovincaminic
acid derivative, on isolated blood vessels: cerebroarterial selectivity. Life Sci.1993:51(18):PL181-6.
34 Szober A, Klein M. Examination of the relative fluidity in cerebrovascular disease patients. Ther Hung 1992:40(1):8-11.
35 Hayakawa M. effect of vinpocetine on red blood cell deformability in stroke patients. Arzneimittelforschung.1992:42(4):425-7.
36 Rischke R, Krieglstein J. Effects of vinpocetine on local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization seven
days after forebrain ischemia in the rat. Pharmacology.1990:41(3):153-60.
37 Sauer D, Rischeke R, Beck T, Rossberg C, Meenel HD, Bielenberg GW, Krieglstein J. Vinpocetine prevents ischemic
cell damage in rat hippocampus. Life Sci. 19888;43(21):1733-9.
38 Tarnok K, iss E, Luiten PG, Nyakas C, Tihanyi K, Schlett K, Eisel UL. Effects of Vinpocetine on mitochondrial
function and neuroprotection in primary cortical neurons. Neurochem Int. 2008:53(6-8):289-95.
39 Szilagi G, NagY Z, Balkay L, et al. Effects of vinpocetine on the redistribution of cerebral blood flow and
glucose metabolism in chronic stroke patients: A PET study. J Neurol Sci. 2005;229-230:275-84.
40 Balestreri R, Fontana L, Astengo F. A double-blind placebo controlled evaluation of the safety and efficacy
of vinpocetine in the treatment of patients with chronic vascular senile cerebral dysfunction. J Am Geriatr Soc.
1987:35(50:425-30.
41 Vaizova OE, Vengerovskii AI, Lifirova VM. An effect of vinpocetine (cavainton) on endothelium function in patients
with chronic cerebral ischemia. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Kowsakova. 2006:Supple 16:46-50.
42 Valikovics A. Investigation of the effect of vinpocetine on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions. Ideggyogy
Sz. 2007:60(7-8):301-310.
43 Bagoly E, Fehr G, Szapary L. The role of vinpocetine in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease based in human
studies. Orb Hetil. 2007;148(29):1353-8.
NEUROFLAM INGREDIENTS
CURCUMIN are antioxidant compounds found in the Indian curry spice of turmeric and have been found to modulate
microglia neuroinflammation. Curcumin has demonstrated the ability to protect dopaminergic neurons against lipopolysaccharide-induced
neurotoxicity in animal neurona/glia culture.37 Curcumin has been found to have neuroprotective effects by blocking
the production of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic mediators such as nitric oxide, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-6 and
NF-kappaB by activated microglia.38 39 40 41 42
Curcumin has been found to inhibit the amyloid peptide-induced chemokine gene expression and suggested that it
may represent a potential therapeutic aid to ameliorate the inflammation and progression of Alzheimer's.43
38 Jin CY, Lee JD, Park C,
Choi YH, Kim GY. Curcumin attenuates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipoplysaccharide-stimulated
BV2 microglia. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007;28(10):1645-51.
39 Jung KK, Lee HS, Cho JY, Shin WC, Rhee MH, Kim TG, Kang JH, Hong S. Kang SY. Inhibitory effect of curcumin on
nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-activated primary microglia. Life Sci. 79(21):2022-31.
40 Wang O, Sun AY, Simonyi Jensen MD, Shelat PB, Rottinghaus GE, MacDonald RS, Miller DK, Lubahn DE, Weisman GA,
Sun GY. Neuroprotective mechanisms of curcumin against cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis and behavioral
deficits. J Neurosci Res. 2005;82(1):138-48.
41 Kang G, Kong PJ, Yuh YJ, Lim SY, Yim SV, Chun W, Kim SS. Curcumin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2
expression by inhibiting activator protein 1 and nuclear factor kappaB binding in BV2 microglia cells. J Pharmacol
Sci. 2004;94(3):325-8.
42 Natarajan C & Bright JJ. Curcumin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-2 signaling
through Jana Kinase-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 2002;168(12):6506-13.
43 Giri Rk, Rajagopal V, Kalra VK. Curcumin, the active constituent of turmeric, inhibits amyloid peptide-induced
cythchemokine gene expression and CCR5-mediated chemotaxis of THP-1 monocytes by modulating early growth response-1
transcription factor. J Neurochem. 2004 91(5):1199-210.
SERATONE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN (5-HTP) is an amino acid precursor to serotonin. Supplementation with 5-HTP has been shown
clinically to increase serotonin levels. It has also been shown as an effective compound for mood swings, persistent
nightmares, and more.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ST JOHN’S WORT is also known as Hypericum perforatum and the active constituents include hyperforin, hypericin,
and tannins. The botanical compounds have shown to support serotoninergic activity by changing the reuptake of
serotonin in neuronal synapses. St. John’s Wort has been shown to be an effective compound for certain mental states.9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 Sarzi Puttini P, Caruso
I. Primary fibromylagia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res1992;20(2):182-9.
2 De Benedittis G, Massei R. Serotonin precursors in chronic primary headache. A double-blind cross-over study
with L-5-hydroxytryptophan vs. placebo. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 1985;29(3):239-48.
3 Rahman MK, Nagatsu T, Sakurai T, Hori S, Abe M, Matsuda M. Effect of pyridoxal phosphate deficiency on aromatic
L-amino acid decarboxylase activity with L-DOPA and L-5-hydroxytryptophan as substrates in rats. Jpn. J. Pharmacol.
1982;32(5):803-11.
4 Birdsall TC.”5-Hydroxytryptophan: a clinically-effective serotonin precursor Alternative medicine review : a
journal of clinical therapeutic 1998;3(4):271-80.
5 Bouchard S, Roberge AG. Biochemical properties and kinetic parameters of dihydroxyphenylalanine--5-hydroxytryptophan
decarboxylase in brain, liver, and adrenals of cat. Can. J. Bioche1979; 57(7):1014-8.
6 Meryer S. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression.
Alter Med Rev 2000;5(1):64-71.
7 Turner EH, Loftis JM, Blackwell AD. Serotonin a la carte: supplementation
with the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan. Pharmacol. Ther2006;109 (3):325-38.
8 Bruni O, Ferri R, Miano S, Verrillo E. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan treatment of sleep terrors in children 2004;163(7):402-7.
9 Randløv C, J. Mehlsen, CF, Thomsen, C. Hedman, H, von Fircks and K. Winther. The efficacy of St. John’s
Wort in patients with minor depressive symptoms or dysthymia - a double-blind placebo-controlled study” Phytomedicine.
2006; 13(4): 215–221.
10 Woelk H, et al. Comparison of St John’s wort and imipramine for treating depression: randomised controlled trial.
Br Med J 2000; 321:536-9.
11 Schrader E, et al. Equivalence of St John’s wort extract (Ze 117) and fluoxetine: a randomised, controlled study
in mild-moderate depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacology 2000;15:61-68.
12 Laakmann G, Schule C, Baghai T, Kieser M. St. John’s wort in mild to moderate depression: the relevance of hyperforin
for the clinical efficacy. Pharmacopsychiatry 1998;31 (Suppl 1):54-9.
13 Harrer G, Schmidt U, Kuhn U, Biller A. Comparison of equivalence between the St. John’s wort extract LoHyp-57
and fluoxetine. Arzneimittelforschung
1999;49 (4):289-96
K38 Serotone ® Active
14 Philipp M, Kohnen R, Hiller KO. Hypericum extract versus imipramine or placebo in patients with moderate depression:
randomised multicentre study of treatment for eight weeks. Br Med J 1999;319 (7224):1534-8.
15 Lecrubier et al. “Efficacy of St. John’s wort extract WS 5570 in major depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled
trial.” Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(8):1361-6.
16 Nahrstedt A, Butterweck V. Biologically active and other chemical constituents of the herb of Hypericum perforatum
L. Pharmacopsychiatry 1997;30 (Suppl 2):129-34.
17 Chatterjee SS, Bhattacharya SK, Wonnemann M, Erdelmeier C.Antidepressant activity of hypericum perforatum and
hyperforin: the neglected possibility. Pharmacopsychiatry 1988;31 (Suppl 1):7-15.
DOPATONE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
MUCUNA PRURIENS is commonly known as cowhage and its active components include L-Dopa, tyrptamine alkaloids, lecithin,
and tannins. It is postulated that the L-Dopa amino acid compounds in the botanicals are converted into dopamine
in the brain. It has been used as a botanical for neurological disorders since ancient days and recent research
has demonstrated that the botanical has Anti-Parkison influences due to its precursor compounds. Additionally,
the active components in Mucuna pruriens have protective impacts on the substantia nigra and nigrastriatal pathways.1
2 3 4 5 6
BETA-PHENYLETHYLAMINE (PEA) is an endogenous monamine alkaloid and crosses the blood-brain barrier easily. It acts
as a neuromodulator in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and stimulates the release of dopamine. PEA also
has influences on beta endorphins that have been attributed to feeling of pleasure. Chocolate contains a rich source
of PEA and it is this mechanism that is theorized to cause the feelings of love, pleasure, and satisfaction via
dopamine activation. PEA supplementation has shown to improve attention and enhance mood.7 8 9 10 11
1 Tharakan B, Dhanasekaran
M, Mize-Berge J, Manyam BV. Anti-parkinson
botanical Mucuna pruriens prevents levodopa induced plasmid and genomic DNA damage. Phytother Res 2007;11{Epub
ahead of print}
2 Mizra L and Wagner H. Extraction of bioactive principles from Mucuna pruriens seeds. Indian J Biochem Biophys
2007;44(1):56-60.
3 Katzenschlager R, Evans A, Manson A, et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson’s disease: a double blind clinical and
pharmacological study. J Neurol Neurosrug Psychiatry 2004; 75(12);1672-7.
4 Manyam BV, Dhanasekaran M, Hare TA. Neuroprotective effects of the antiparkinson drug Mucuna pruriens. Phytother
Res 2004;18(9):706-12.
5 Singhal B, Lalkaka J, Sankhia C. Epidemiology and treatment of Parkinson’s
disease in India. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2003;9 Suppl 2:S105-9.
6 Mayam BV & Sanchez-Ramos JR. Traditional and complimentary therapies
for Parkinson’s disease. Adv Neurol 1999;80:565-74.
7 Sebelli H, Fink P, Fawcett J. Tom C. Sustained antidepressant effect of PEA replacement. J Neuropsychiatry Clin
Neurosci 1996;8(2): 168-71.
8 Guang-Xi Z, Hiroshi S, et al. Decreased B-phenylethylamine in CSF in Parkinson’s Disease. J Neurol Neurosurg
Psychiatry 1997;63:754-758.
9 Michell S, Lewis G, et al. Biomarkers of Parkinso’s disease 2004;127(8):1693-1705.
10 Karoum F, Wolf M, Mosniam AD. Effects of the administration of amphetmaine eithier alone or in combination with
resperine or cocaine, or regional brain beta-phenetylamine and dopamine release. Am J Ther 1997;4(9/10):333-342.
11 Kausage A. Decrease beta-phenletylamine in urin of children with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder and autistic disorder. No To Hattatsu 2002; 34(3):243-8.
GABATONE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
VALERIAN ROOT EXTRACT (VALERIANA OFFICINALIS) has been used as a botanical sedative to manage anxious irritability
and restlessness for several centuries, and recent meta-analysis has confirmed its effectiveness.1 The mechanism
of action appears to be on the GABA neurotransmitter receptor system. Valerian Extracts appear to have some affinity
and expression of the GABA (benzodiazepine) receptor site.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The bioactive components of the herb are
alkaloids, flavanones, gamma-aminobutyric acid, valepotriates, and valerenic acid. The valerenic acid compound
of valerian has been shown to have an inverse agonist effect at adenosine A1 receptor sites, which also supports
inhibitory central nervous system action.9 Valerenic acid found in Valerian additionally appears to inhibit GABA
catabolism.10
LITHIUM OROTATE is a naturally occurring mineral similar to sodium and potassium and is abundant in the body. Lithium
has been used for decades in order to stabilize mood swings, mania, and hoplessness.11 12 13 It is an essential
mineral for human health and epidemiological studies of humans drinking water with low levels of lithium have been
correlated with higher incidence of mental hospital admissions, violent crimes, and drug addiction.14 Lithium appears
to increase Acetylcholine turnover, inhibits choline transport, and increases GABA activity.15 16
PASSION FLOWER EXTRACT (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA) Passion Flower extract has historically been used for anxiety, insomnia,
seizures, and hysteria. It appears that the mechanism of action of the botanical is on the GABA receptor system.17
18 19 20 21 22 23
1 Bent S, Padula A, Moore
D, et al. Valerian for sleep: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 2006;119(12):1005-12.
2 Holzl J, & Godau P. Receptor binding studies with Valeriana officinalis on the benzodiazepine receptor. Planta
Medica 1989; 55.
3 Mennini T, Bernasconi P, et al.In vitro study in the interaction of extracts and pure compounds from Valerian
officinalis roots with GABA, benzodiazepine
and barbiturate receptors. Fitoterapia 1993;64:291-300.
4 Hendriks H, Bos R, Allersma DP, Malingre TM, Koster AS. Pharmacological
screening of valerenal and some other components of essential oil of Valeriana officinalis. Planta Med 1981;42:62-8.
5 Ortiz JG, Nieves-Natal J, Chavez P. Effects of Valeriana officinalis extracts on [3H] flunitrazepam binding,
synaptosomal [3H] GABA uptake, and hippocampal [3H] GABA release. Neurochem Res 1999;24:1373-8.
6 Houghton PJ. The scientific basis for the reputed activity of Valerian. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51(5):505-12.
7 Ferreira F, Santos M, Faro, et al. Effect of extracts of Valeriana officinalis on [3H] GABA. Revista Portuguesa
de Farmacia 1996; 46:74-77.
8 Santos MS, Ferreira F, et al. Synatposmal GABA releases as influenced by valerian root extract – involvement
of the GABA carrier. Arch Int Pharmacodyn
Ther 1994; 327:220-31.
9 Sevenja L Mayer R. et al. Interaction of valerian extracts of different polarity with adenosine receptors: Identification
of isovaltrate as an inverse agonist at A1 receptors. Biochemical Pharmacology 2007;73:248-258.
10 Reidel E, Hansel R, Ehrke G. Inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolism by valerenic acid derivatives.
Planta Medica 1982;48:219-220.
11 Dean W. and English J. Lithium Orotate: The Unique, Safe Mineral with Multiple Uses, Vitamin Research News,
July, 1999.
12 Cade JKJ. Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement. Med J Aust 1949;349-352.
13 Schrauzer GN. Effects of nutritional lithium supplementation on mood. Biol Trace El Res 1994;40:89-101.
14 Schrauzer GN. and Shrestha KP. Lithium in Drinking Water and the Incidences of Crimes, Suicides, and Arrests
Related to Drug Addictions, Biol. Trace Element Res.1990; 25:105-113.
15 Schrauzer G. Lithium Occurances, dietary intakes, nutritional essentiality.
JACN 2002; 21(1):14-21.
16 Vanyo L, Vu T, et al. Lithium induced perturbations of vitamin B12, folic acid and DNA metabolism. In Schrauzer
Gn, Klippel, KF(eds): Lithium in Biology and Medicine. Weinheim:VCH Verlag, pp 17-30, 1991.
17 Akhondzadeh S, Kashani L, Mobaseri M, Hosseini SH, Nikzad S, Khani M. Passionflower in the treatment of opiates
withdrawl [sic]: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics.
2001;25(5):369-373.
18 Dhawan K, Kumar S, Sharma A. Anti-anxiety studies on extracts of Passiflora
incarnata Linneaus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2001;78:165-170.
19 Dhawan K, Kumar S, Sharma A. Anxiolytic activity of aerial and underground
parts of Passiflora incarnata. Fitoterapia. 2001;72(8):922-926.
K39 Gabatone ® Active
20 Krenn L. Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata L.)--a reliable herbal sedative. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift.
2002;152(15-16):404-406.
21 Wolfman C, Viola H, Paladini A, Dajas F, Medina JH. Possible anxiolytic
effects of chrysin, a central benzodiazepine receptor ligand isolated from Passiflora coerulea. Pharmacology, Biochemistry,
and Behavior. 1994;47(1):1-4.
22 Reginatto FH, De-Paris F, Petry RD, et al. Evaluation of anxiolytic activity of spray dried powders of two South
Brazilian Passiflora species. Phytotherapy Research. 2006;20(5):348-351.
23 Speroni E, Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Medica.
1988;54(6):488-491.
ACETYL-CH INGREDIENTS
GALANTAMINE is an unaltered extract from the Caucasian snowdrop plant and has been used for the support of the
central nervous system effectively for decades in Eastern Europe.1 2 The plant compound has shown ability to increase
acethylcholine levels in the brain by inhibiting the production of Acethylcholine esterase. It also appears to
have the ability to increase the sensitivity of acetylcholine receptor sites. These mechanisms have demonstrated
to support mental and cognitive health in safe and effective way.3 4 5 6
ALPHA-GPC (L-ALPHA-GLYCERLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE) is a phospholipid metabolite that is isolated from lecithin. It is
very well absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier where it is used for the synthesis
of acetylcholine. Oral intake of Alpha-GPC has been shown to increase acethylcholine levels in the brain.7 8 Alpha-GPC
compounds significantly improve cognitive capacities.9 10 11 12 13 14 Alpha-GPC has also shown tremendous potential
as a nutrient to aid in stroke recovery.15 16 17
1 Maarmo E. Nivaline. Riforma
Med 1961;25;75:339-40
2 Borodkin IuS, Krauz VA. The role of intracentral and interneuronal relations
in the mechanism of short-term memory control. Farmakol Toksikol 1972;35(5):533-7.
3 Wilcock GK, Lelienfeld S, Gaenes, E. Efficacy and safety of galantamine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s
disease: multicenter randomized
controlled trial. BMJ 2000;321(7274):1445-9.
4 A 5-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of galantamine in AD. The Galantamine USA-10 Study Group. Neurology
2000;54(12):2269-76.
5 Maelicke A, Samochocki M, Jostorck R, et al. Allosteric sensitization of nicotinic receptors by galantamine,
a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer’s
disease. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:279-88.
6 Coyle J, Kershew P. Galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor that allosterically
modulates nicotinic receptors: effects of the course of Alzheimer’s disease. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:289-99.
7 Lopez Cm, Govoni S, Battaini F, et al. Effect of a new cognition enhancer alpha-glycerlphosphorylcholine, on
scopolamine induced amnesia and brain acetylcholine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1991;39(4):835-40.
8 Sigala S, Imperato A , Rizzoneli P, et al. L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine
antagonizes scopolamine-induced amnesia and enhances hippocampal
cholinergic transmission in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 1992;211(3):351-8.
9 Moreno DJ and Moreno M. Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s dementia after treatment with the
acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerete: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled
trial. Clin Ther 2003;25(1):178-93.
10 Abbati C, et al. Nootropic therapy of cerebral aging. Adv Therapy 1991;8:268.
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